Applicants must have: Completed a Bachelor’s and a Master’s degree, Recognized post-secondary institution, Minimum B average in their Master’s program (department may require higher standing), Demonstrated strong potential for research. International English Language Testing System (Academic) (IELTS) - 6.5, Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL Internet-based test (iBT)) – 89, A minimum score of 21 must be achieved in each of the four categories (listening, speaking, reading, writing), Pearson Test of English Academic (PTE-A) 60, Canadian Academic English Language Test (CAEL) 70, Michigan English Language Assessment Battery (MELAB) 85.

The usual requirement for admission to the PhD program is the completion of an approved MSc degree with a minimum 'B+' average and strongly supportive letters from referees familiar with the background of the applicant. Performance in relevant biomedical science courses, (e.g. microbiology, immunology, biochemistry, molecular biology, etc) at a level above the 'B+' average is normally expected. Students may apply for admission into the PhD program before completing the MSc program, providing that they have a minimum 'A' average and a demonstrated capacity for independent research. Some students with demonstrated potential for independent research and a superior academic record during their baccalaureate or DVM programs may be admitted directly into the PhD program.

English Language Proficiency

Canadian Academic English Language Test (CAEL) - 70

International English Language Testing System (Academic) (IELTS) - 6.5

Michigan English Language Assessment Battery (MELAB) - 85

Pearson Test of English Academic (PTE-A) Note: A minimum score of 60 must be achieved in each individual component - 60

Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL Internet-based test (iBT)) Note: A minimum score of 21 must be achieved in each of the four categories (listening, speaking, reading, writing) – 89